The Predicament of Teenage Pregnancy - 530 Words

Teen pregnancy is a worldwide controversy that has become a major predicament in the society that we live in today. Each year, almost half of all pregnancies among American women are not intended. The lack of sex education in schools may be the cause of why teen pregnancy is at an uprise. Young women try to find solutions to stop pregnancy, birth control is one form of preventing pregnancy. Other people choose to get an abortion. Sex education classes in high school can also help and inform teens about STD’s and HIV/AIDS. The history of sex education and its controversy began in the U.S. It began as early as 1912. The National Education Association put teachers in training programs for sex education. Some people saw this as unnecessary and thought that this did not have to be taught in school’s. In 1960 to about 1980, sex education programs were described as the Christian Crusade. â€Å"Sex education programs in public schools proliferated, in large part due to newly emerging evidence that such programs didn’t promote sex but in fact helped delay sexual activity and reduce teen pregnancy rates† (Pardini,Priscilla). Many teen’s in America get the education they need about sex, but they are not aware of the consequences of having a child at an early age. Teen pregnancy can be prevented by using a condom or birth control. When these products fail, teens are not sure on what to do with the baby. Some solutionsShow MoreRelatedHow do you remember your childhood, or your idealized world of being a child? In remembrance of1100 Words   |  5 Pages we all have our views on the subject of teen pregnancy you really truly could never understand the hardships and mental pain an agony that goes on during teenage pregnancy such as, juggling the normal aspects of juvenescence life along with the critical and demanding manner of living the life of a teenage parent in th e United States of America. The first initial moment of realization of pregnancy is the first crucial reality check that two teenage parents will go through, followed by, dependingRead MoreThe Importance Of Sex Education987 Words   |  4 Pagesin school by a qualified adult.In a perfect world, sex education should be taught in the home; however, with the rise of teenage pregnancy, it is evident that it is not being taught in the home. It is because of this alarming trend that I feel that it needs to be taught in school.Sex education provides many different benefits to the students. It can prevent unwanted pregnancies, reduce sexually transmitted diseases, and improve the self-esteem of the younger generation.It has a lot of effects andRead More Compare the predicament of women in society as described in Cousin1456 Words   |  6 PagesCompare the predicament of women in society as described in Cousin Kate and The Seduction. How far do you sympathise with them? ‘The Seduction’ and ‘Cousin Kate’ are similarly concerned with the predicament of women in society. They are both poems which end up in a negative position, and are following the trails of a young girl, wanting to be loved, in some way. They also similarly carry the theme of betrayal. In ‘The Seduction’, the girl is betrayed by the teenage magazines promising Read More The Seduction Eileen McAuley To His Coy Mistress Andrew Marvell Eileen1091 Words   |  5 PagesMarvell Eileen McAuley’s ‘The Seduction’ is set against the bleak surroundings of Merseyside. The purpose of the story is to show a teenage girl’s predicament after getting drunk at a party. The poet contrasts the girl’s ideas of love and sex with reality. This is done effectively by using techniques such as similes and alliteration. The poem shows how young teenage girls can be easily seduced under the influence of alcohol. ‘The Seduction’ also shows how young girls can be manipulated by theRead MoreTeenage Pregnancy And Its Effect On Children s Decision Making998 Words   |  4 Pagesfocusing on their high school education, they are instead dealing with teen pregnancy, sexually transmitted diseases, and other negative consequences that follow risky sexual behavior at an early age. Kearney and Levine (as cited by Whalen Loper, 2013) suggest that, â€Å"Despite recent decreases in the rate of teenage pregnancy and increased prevention efforts, the Unites States continues to have the highest rate of teenage births of any industrialized country† (p. 347).Educating teens early may notRead MoreAbortion Ethical Dilemma1643 Words   |  7 Pagesfinancially stable and having a baby costs a lot of money. Even if the father of the child is willing to help, food, clothes, formula and other necessities add up and to support the baby on a salary of two teenagers isn’t very realistic. Just consider a teenage boy and girl living on their own with no parental hel p, having to pay for everything for the baby plus paying bills and the rent of where ever they are staying. Not only would the parents be struggling, but the child would struggle as well. ThereRead MoreThesis on Teenage Pregnancy3393 Words   |  14 PagesTEENAGE PREGNANCY IN BARANGAY SAWANG CALERO CEBU CITY ____________________________________________ An Undergraduate Thesis Proposal Presented to the Faculty of Languages and Literature Department College of Arts and Sciences Cebu Technological University, Main Campus M.J. Cuenco Ave. corner R. Palma St. Cebu City ________________________________________________________________ In Partial Fulfillment   of the Requirement in Fundamentals in Developmental Research Extension Engl 5A _____________________________________________________Read MoreDevelopmental Theories in Juno Essay1166 Words   |  5 Pagesit is also an excellent example of the developmental process. This is because the movie reflects not only the development of its protagonist Juno MacGuff and her emotional growth and development, but also her physical development throughout her pregnancy. Juno  begins with the adolescent protagonist, sixteen year old  Juno MacGuff, realizing that her one night stand with her friend and long-time crush, Paulie Bleeker, has resulted in her being pregnant. However when Juno goes to the clinic to receiveRead MoreTeenage Pregnancy in Malaysia5374 Words   |  22 PagesTEENAGE PREGNANCY IN MALAYSIA Introduction News headlines such as â€Å"The trials of teen mothers† and â€Å"Teen probed for throwing baby from window† can be seen in our papers every other week as we are faced with the ever-growing problem of teenage pregnancy. In most reported cases, these hapless young women even attempt to abandon their new-borns in the most harrowing ways. Sexuality without social maturity often leads to pregnancy. These mothers are at high risk of not finishing school which oftenRead MoreThe Young Women s Christian Organization Traces Essay1385 Words   |  6 Pagesmedia to help promote their services and reach out to the community and population they serve. If we believed that the prevention of domestic violence would require strategies that would diminish violence in our society, we would be in the same predicament discussed in the political economy and periodic unemployment. (Kettner, Moroney, Martin, 2013, ch 6). Three examples of program hypothesis are 1. Political Economy as a Factor Contributing to Unemployment: It has been argued that many of the problems

The Rights Of The Copyright And Licensing - 1471 Words

No artwork exhibited in an open display is invulnerable; anytime an artwork becomes known, it is predisposed to relative alterations, falsifications, and reuse by other artists. Countless art movements are fashioned around the revision of earlier works and representations. As an artist, one must accept the unavoidable fact that one day there will probably be alterations to their artwork. Once the great Pablo Picasso argued that: â€Å"Bad artists copy. Good artists steal†. In this essay it will be explained the rules governing the copyright and licensing. The emphasis of this essay will be also focusing on what are the steps to follow to grant a license to a third party in order to make it liable to use my own work of art, that in this case†¦show more content†¦Besides, under â€Å"work for hire† the company holds the copyright, not the artist or inventor. In such contexts, the creator holds the â€Å"moral rights† to their work, comprising the right of acknowledgment. There are different situations and rules that apply for disparate cases, all depending on the type of commission given to the artist. For example; the commissioner may own the physical painting hanging on their lounge room wall, however the artist nevertheless holds the copyright in the image of that painting. The commissioner keeps the objective painting predisposed to the artist s copyrights, and may not create prints or other duplicates from the image of the painting without the artist s authorization. Some areas of the law favor verbal and contractual agreements over copyright. Copyright does not protect ideas, or styles the instant an idea or creative concept has been given material form, it is documented, on paper or electronically; it is immediately covered by copyright. Because it is automatic and free in Australia, there is no official registry or application process for copyright protection. Copyright is not a separate â€Å"right†, but reasonably a â€Å"collection† of rights. For all material which is safeguarded by copyright, the copyright holder has the private right to replicate or create duplicates. Varying on the nature of material, the copyright holder generally has other rights as well, as, to perform or show the material in public and to broadcast

The Influence of the Video Game in Children Free Essays

The influence of the video game in children A. Violence. 1. We will write a custom essay sample on The Influence of the Video Game in Children or any similar topic only for you Order Now Criminal behavior. 2. Disrespect for the authority and law. 3. Use and abuse of drugs and alcohol. B. Sex. Content 1. Abuse of toward women 2. Use of foul language and obscene behavior. 3. Category of the Video game C. Murders. 1. Killing people. 2. Killing animals. 3. Emotional effects. Conclusion. ?Did you know that in 1980 the video games transformed in a phenomenon that revolutionized around the world? Not mention has become a popular activity for people of all ages. As a result the video game is a multibillion dollar company and many children spend large amounts of time playing them and these create bad behavior and studies demonstrate that the children imitate the violence that they see. In the last years if has been shown an increase of rebel children due to the content in the video game they play such as violence, sex content and murders. The influence of the video games in the children has effects with the time. The children who are exposed to violent spectacles can manage to be more aggressive and acquire a criminal behavior where they interact and answer with violence in his social environment. Also the video games transmit values that impact and impress the children and this creates rebellious behaviors and they do not respect the authorities and the laws. For this reason, they create bad vices as the abuse of the drugs and the alcohol to an early age. Another important point is the sexual content that these video games have. Many video games are related to sexual activities since they have not been designed for minors of 18-year-old. Often we see that these games insult and abuse to the woman and induce to the mistreatment and to the use of bad words and obscenities and as consequence is altered the normal and emotional ripeness of the children. Without mentioning that each video game in the part of behind of the box describes that we will find in the game and type of content already be of sexual character. As an example of video game with sexual content are God of War and Assassin Creed. The murder to persons or animals is common in the video games. The only aim is to struggle and to obtain the major punctuation; nevertheless, this affects negatively the physical, mental, emotional development, and the social environment of the children. As result, it borders the time in order that the children and teenagers make other healthy and productive activities. Considering all these things is the responsibility of the parents to form his children in order that they are good persons for the society. Some children can involve so much in the video game and this creates an addiction and brings big consequences as lower qualifications, overweight, they happen less time with his families and finally they create aggressive behaviors. Also it is a duty of the parents in supervise his children and to know the content of the video games and of being informed what this being bought for his children since a market exists with thousands of video games and many of these have a bad content for his age. The most advisable thing is that the parents feel to playing with his children who interact with them, the parents need motivate his children in participate of other activities and the parents will have achieving a better communication and the safety of which his young minds are not corrupt with video games. How to cite The Influence of the Video Game in Children, Papers

Human Resource Management for Expectations- MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theHuman Resource Managementfor Unmet Expectations. Answer: Introduction Take overs can be particularly problematic for organizations. The main issue is transiting an organization from one culture or practice to another (Wilkinson Johnstone, 2016). As a result of the takeover of Royal Thai Hotel, there was a necessity of also incorporating charges into the organization in order to improve performance. The new general manager thought of incorporating employee empowerment as part of the strategy to move the Hotel into the next level. However, instead of improving productivity, the productivity of the organization has significantly deteriorated. This report aims at analyzing the symptoms that show the organization has serious problems. Employee Turnover Employee turnover refers to the number of employees who leave an organization and are replaced by new ones. Employee turnover can significantly hurt an organization through the loss of reliable employees as well as deterioration of the public image (Bratton,2012). There are several reasons that can make employee turnover in an organization to be high. They include lack of feedback and coaching, unmet expectations, unfavorable organizational culture, lack of autonomy among others. The high employee turnover at Royal Thai hotel can be a viewed a symptom that all is not well with the organization. This can be attributed to lack of feedback and coaching as well as unmet expectations among others. Work Related Stress Workplace stress can be defined as the harmful physical and emotional responses that happen in a situation where an employee is faced with a conflict between job demands and the ability of an employee to meet these demands successfully. Employee stress is caused by among other factors, excessive workloads, lack of autonomy, lack of sufficient skills and experience to undertake assigned tasks and poor physical environment (ChelladuraI, 2007). The mounting of employee stress levels is a symptom of problems at the workplace. It is a signifier of the fact that the employees are not able to manage the treasure emanating from their assigned roles and responsibilities. Perhaps the main reason for this is the fact that the employees have not been adequately trained to go about their business with minimal support from the supervisors. Frequent Consultations Although consultations are good workplace practice, too many consultations, especially on minor issues, can be a signifier of problems at the workplace. In a situation where employees have been given autonomy to make minor decisions without involving their supervisors or the management sufficient training is needed to equip the employees with the necessary decision-making skills. Frequent consultations experienced at the organization show that there is a serious problem related to employee training (Fallon Mcconnell, 2014). The conclusion here can be that employees have been given decision-making authority but no steps have been made to equip them with the necessary skills. Increasing Number of Customer Complaints Customer complaints refer to the expression of dissatisfaction by consumers about organizations products or services. Consumers complain because of poor services quality of products and services, broken promises, poor customer service, rude staff as well as failure to listen to customers (Perkins Arvinen, 2013). The increase in consumer complaints is an indicator of employee detachment from the organization, low employee morale and high-stress levels among employees. Irritability among employees can also be a sign of unmet expectations by the organization. Absenteeism Absenteeism is a situation where an employee stays away from work without any good reason. The high employee absenteeism at the organization is a symptom of work-related problems. Some of the main causes of absenteeism among employees include accidents, bereavement, and disengagement from work, low workplace morale, illnesses and injuries as well as stress. The high absenteeism levels at the organization have been attributed to illnesses. Acute level of stress among employees is one of the causes of illnesses among employees (Sims, 2007). The high absenteeism at the workplace is, therefore, a sign of serious problems at the organization. Strained Working Relationships Employee working relations are very important for organizational strength. Good working relations enable employees to get support from their counterparts which enhance productivity. In normal circumstances employees are supposed to be united towards the achievement of organization goals, however, this unity of purpose is not possible in a situation where employees have strained working relationships. Strained working relationships are a symptom of organizational problems which can occur as a result of lack of necessary support as well as employee isolation (Wilkinson Johnstone,2016). Increased Number of Mistakes Increased number of mistakes among the employees is also a symptom of the serious problem at the workplace. Among the possible causes of increased mistakes at the organization include lack of necessary skills, disengagement from work as well as insufficient employee motivation(Fallon Mcconnell, 2014). Conclusion Based on the above analysis, it is evident that employee empowerment adopted by the new manager was not appropriately internalized in the organization. The outcome was that instead of increasing productivity, it has deteriorated the productivity of the organization. Among the symptoms of the fact that the organization is not progressing well include the high levels of turnover, increased absenteeism, increased number of mistakes and frequent consultations on minor issues. The management should provide the necessary training to improve the decision-making ability of subordinates in order to minimize the above challenges. Reference List Bratton, J. (2012). Human Resource Management. Palgrave Macmillan. https://www.myilibrary.com?id=97665 ChelladuraI, P. (2007). Human resource management in sport and recreation. Leeds, Human Kinetics. Fallon, L. F., Mcconnell, C. R. (2014). Human resource management in health care: principles and practice, second edition. Burlington, MA, Jones Bartlett Learning. https://www.books24x7.com/marc.asp?bookid=69832. Perkins, S. J., Arvinen-Muondo, R. (2013). Organizational behaviour: [people, process, work and human resource management]. London, Kogan Page. Sims, R. R. (2007). Human resource management: contemporary issues, challenges and opportunities. Greenwich, Conn, Information Age Publ. https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/255443892 Wilkinson, A., Johnstone, S. (2016). Encyclopedia of human resource management. Cheltenham, Edward Elgar Pub. Ltd.

Globalization free essay sample

Effects of Globalization As Candied said (a character created by Voltaire), we must cultivate our garden. Globalization causes diversity between cultures because unfortunately thanks to globalization, the world changes negatively day by day and also cultures are shaped according to this change. In todays world we have to cultivate ourselves In order to exist in society, Cooperation in cultures helps to follow this change and creates new identities. According to Tyler Cowmen, globalization has a cultural benefits for society but in contrast Dry. Stranger argues that globalization creates a monotone identities which people want to attain It. Thus, this change which we call cross-culture has both negative and positive side and from my point of view, Its true that cross-culture has positive effects for creating diversity in cultures but by a majority, globalization has a negative side on us as Dry. Stranger claims. Societys perspective determine women and men roles in society. We will write a custom essay sample on Globalization or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Before the period of globalization there was a definitive gap between genders. Thus, thanks to globalization, societys point of view changes on man and women positively. Before, women have to look beautiful, made-up and have specific body size which makes them all seem bland and plastic like Barry dolls. They dont have right to work because they are fragile, naive and emotional but In contrast, man has to be a bread winner because they are strong, not sensitive and independent. Therefore Simons De Behavior (French philosopher) used Hedges description of the master-slave dialectic. She compared the terms master and slave with subject and other. She claims The subject Is the absolute. The other Is the inessential. (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, 2010) Therefore she argues hat there is a huge inequality between genders and this inequality put women into the background. However, after the French revolution, the world started to change. The absolute monarchy that had ruled France was over; people became aware of what they were and what they can do. Thus, this revolution caused a big change in Europe, After this revolution, Europe had entered into three revolutions and the most effective one was is the industrial revolution. Thanks to the industrial revolution, society perspective was shaped differently because states started to cooperate between each other. As a conclusion, society needs more labor and this event caused a change in gender roles. Women may also place in the work place which reduces the inequality between man and women. Also this is a revolution of new identities because we act our social roles how society wants. This revolution causes a change in social perspective, culture, so peoples view Is also change which creates new identities. After all. People developed themselves. As Tyler Cowmen claims Look at a book and ask yourself, where does paper come from, where does printing come from, where do the ideas in the book come from? Whats the religious background of the author? (Really Creative Destination August,2003) Thanks to revolution, Europe made a trade between each other which caused a diversity in cultures. They changed all their view in every subject especially in gender roles. Thus, this interaction caused a change in whole world. People became more open-minded and they cultivate Off Cowmen affirms, these discoveries created more comfortable lives. Consequently, Im agree with the idea that interaction l ead to the development of personality. Its true that globalization has a positive side as has been illustrated, but in my opinion, costly, it has a negative side. For instance, the inequality between rich and poor increases. The Rich get richer and poor get poorer. Economic power causes this difference which influences the culture. Its indispensable that people should protect their own traditions but globalization cause a loss of cultural identities. Most of the world tries to act according to American lifestyle because America has all the economic, politic power. Therefore, globalization can lift people out of poverty but the inequalities between groups get stronger. People wear same clothes; same shoes and eat same foods such as fast food. They follow same trends and same dream so as Dry. Stranger claims As humans we naturally measure ourselves to those around us, but now we live in a global village we are comparing ourselves with the most significant people in the world and finding ourselves wanting. (Bates, 2011). Accordingly, this global village which Dry. Stranger mentions causes a loss of cultural identities because we act and try to be like a dominant culture. In fact, we dont want to be like a dominant culture. They force us to be like them, they manipulate our brains so they make pressure on us that we should act according to their rules. For example; George Orwell explains this situation in one of them his books which is 1984. In 1984, he creates a character which he entitles Big Brother who is a dictator of his own state and he forces his people to obey them. He manipulates their brains and he gives a role to play for existing in society. Thus these people loss their identity also their personality as we do. The another example is sasss Turkey which we experienced the period of wrong westernizes due to media and literary influence. In sasss all of Turkish people try to live like Europe. However, their lifestyle is not laid for our culture so in time family values changed and were mostly lost. Also our language started to get lost their value which is a another negative side of globalization. Languages lost their value day by day and its a big cultural loss because language is the most important element of identity. As Tyler Cowmen approved the cross-culture, he also add In terms of culture, there is a loss. For instance, its absolutely true that a lot of languages are dying. (Really Creative Destination August,2003). Therefore in sasss Turkey people migrate to Europe and if e read the books of this time we will observe that writers use French in order to use Turkish. Also if we regard todays world everyone use English in order to use their tongue. In this manner, I may say that, globalization creates diversity but this diversity also creates a chaos in culture because people start to take someone as a roll-model and try to live like that. In this case, we observe a loss in cultural traditions which makes a negative effects on society. Again Taylor Cowmen argues The Julian Simon point that the gains are much larger than the costs is certainly true. Really Creative Destination August,2003). Im totally disagree with this claim so from my point of view, in this situation, the costs are much larger than the gains because when we lost cultural values there will defends that globalization has a positive effect on cultures because thanks to diversity people make change in their perspective especially, th ey start to know many cultures which help to develop themselves. However Im disagree with this idea like Dry. Stranger. Globalization damages cultural values. Its true that thanks to globalization people are not stay shallow but constantly, it causes a loss in cultural identities. Therefore, I assert the idea of protectionism. Everyone should protect their cultural values and be aware of what they are. Otherwise; in the future, there will be a monotone people as Dry. Stranger asserted. Eventually, this cultural interaction causes a shape in society negatively to the contrary of the claim of Taylor Cowmen. Works Cited Ibuprofen, Debra. Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy 2010. Simons De Behavior. Cowmen, Tyler. Really Creative Destruction August September, 2003. Interviewed by Nick Gillespie of Reason Magazine. Bates, Claire. The Daily Mail.

Research Paper on Quality Management

Research Paper on Quality Management In a prior career, I used to be the director of Systems Engineering for a major telecommunications manufacturer. The role of systems engineering is to provide technical support for sales. The duties include such tasks as technical presentations, gathering customer requirements, designing networks and project managing the testing and implementation of our products. One of the major aspects of the job was coordinating feature sets and timeframes between the customer and our engineering. Large customers are always looking for additional features that can set them apart from their competition. They always leverage the vendor into producing new product enhancements and try to accelerate the delivery. This phenomenon creates a dichotomy and trade-off between quality and costs. The relationships between cost management and quality management are an interesting one. Everyone in this world is a consumer of some sort. We all buy things and we all want only the best products for the best price. But, where is the line to be drawn for how much do we pay for quality? Most competitive companies have goals to put out the best product for the best price. They have many different slogans such as quality is #1 or customer service is #1. Nevertheless, how much should a company spend on quality before it starts to cut into profit? What are effects of rushing a product to market in respect to quality and costs? First, let me define a few terms: Quality Management Quality management is one of the hardest jobs of a manager to control. The goal behind good quality management is improving business processes, optimizing the performance of your business, and maximizing profitability. By definition, quality is a degree of excellence, superiority in kind. (Mish p. 963) Management is defined as the conducting or supervising of something. (Mish p. 722) This leads us to the definition of quality management being the supervising of a degree of excellence. Most companies aim to achieve a certain degree of excellence without exceeding budget. Cost Management Cost management is what drives companies to the top or sends them crashing and burning to the bottom of the business food chain. Cost management is defined as the conducting or supervising of (Mish p. 963) the amount or equivalent paid or charged for something. (Mish p. 295) When a business purchases a product or service, just like a consumer, there is a responsibility for the purchaser to find the best price available. This will keep the costs down for the purchasers company and will keep the company competitive with prices. Large customers hope to influence their vendors to provide specific product differences that would make them unique in the marketplace, thus giving them a competitive advantage. The proliferation of microcomputer technology has made it possible to change functionality of a product by introducing new software programming. Most customers are unaware of the intricacies of software programming, testing and controls. Their perception is that software development is quick and easy, with little costs as compared to hardware development. My company on the other hand has multiple large customers, each hoping to influence our product development and time to market. Each of these customers wants different product features that will make them unique in the marketplace. Our engineers are detailed oriented and prefer to layout a program of design and delivery based on the goals of senior management and marketing direction. Introducing new requirements in the middle of product development disrupts their orderly processes, increases cost, and causes tension internally between sales, marketing, and engineering. The type of company culture influences the outcome of the customers’ requests. If the company is primarily sales driven, the likelihood that engineering will have to adjust their plans is high. Engineering driven companies on the other hand, many be more staunch in their stance and maintain the existing development schedule. Management must decide whether the proposed changes to the product adds value long term, and is the customer willing to pay for the additional feature development short term. Managers from some cultures are less flexible because it is a sign of weakness. A company never wants to discourage customer feedback on features because it helps to set practical implementations of the product that design engineers may never think of. In addition, if the product diverges to far from what the majority of customers need the product will no longer be viable in the market. Let us assume that the customer requests for product changes have received approval. We now look at cost versus quality trade-offs that will ultimately influence the final product. Adding features to the product development requires additional resources. In software development, additional employees with specific programming language expertise may be required. It will also influence how the software is tested. Testing the software will require additional time and possibly additional automated test equipment. Additional lines of code may require more memory in the hardware to store the increased code. Each of these factors adds cost to the product and needs carefully evaluation prior to development. The addition of new features adds additional work, which effects time to market. Management will need to evaluate the trade-offs of missing the original schedule versus added costs. Missing the original schedule will influence other customers who are counting on our company to help them meet their goals. These are difficult decisions because they affect more than the requesting customer and our company. This decision will affect several more companies that do business with us. Meeting the original schedule means that we must compress the additional work. Management can address this issue by employing more people or demanding longer work hours from existing employees. This aspect is where most of the quality issues will show up. New employees are unknown commodities that require training and additional supervision. Until they are up to speed with our companies’ specific products, techniques, policies, etc, they are bound to make mistakes. Longer work hours for current employees create additional emotional stress, lack of focus, and possibly company resentment. All these factors add up to poorer quality The potential for added revenues versus the assured increase in development cost requires careful analysis by management. Typically, management will require sales to gather additional, specific information about the customer requirements so we are not developing the wrong feature. Sales must try to negotiate further commitments from the customer to purchase our products and possibly help fund some of the development. Sales will also need to assess whether other customers might have the same needs. Do the needs exactly line up or are there variances. Can engineering design the features to accommodate the variances? Marketing is tasked to evaluate how these new features might set us apart from our competitors. Do the new features add enough value to allow us to increase price? Can we make greater advertising claims and get our companies name better known in the industry? Politics and personal feelings always play into these decisions. Engineers who design products have an emotional attachment to their work. When asked to change the design, a natural resistance occurs. The owner of the company may be friends with a VP of our customer. A biased decision to add features based on friendships versus logical business decisions. Sales representatives are looking for attention on their clients and themselves. Sometimes there is a tendency to mislead our company about the potential for future business Relating Cost Management to Quality Management Changes in product design influences cost and quality. Many factors go into a decision to change design and implement new features. All these factors affect cost and quality requiring carefully management and planning. Quality management can become very expensive, so there comes a point in a business where a manager must recognize the issue of cost over sacrifices for quality. Your market will also dictate the extent of quality implementation. Auto manufacturer Ferrari knows if they produce a quality product, there are enough consumers out there who will spend the money to own the name and quality vehicles they produce. The other extreme has manufacturers such as the Yugo Car Company producing very cost effective vehicles that anyone could afford; however, quality levels are reported to be low. Other companies like Honda, Ford, and GM created a balance between cost and quality. This balance between cost and quality allowed them to become some of the most successful companies in the w orld today. Conclusion Quality management is essential for a business to survive and keep consumers happy. In addition, cost is always an issue no matter how much money one has. In order for a company to become as successful as they can be, there must be a balance of the two. Having the right management staff and experience in quality management and cost management can make a business very successful or can cause it to fail miserably. Change decisions cannot be made lightly and hundreds of factors influence the outcome. Good management is the ability to balance these factors using proven processes and sound logic. Systems engineering is the catalyst and moderator between the company and the customer. We influence through various forms of logic, economics and human relations factors.

Marketing Service of Rooftop Movies Research Paper

Marketing Service of Rooftop Movies - Research Paper Example It is observed that the cinema industry has amassed enormous growth in recent times due to the emergence of 3D experience along with the latest technology based digital effects. In this context, the revenues are expected to increase considerably from the cinema industry of Australia in the upcoming years (Westberg 2011). External Environment Rooftop Movies, which is located in Perth city of Western Australia, has ultimately transformed into a premier destination for those people who live and work in the city. The patrons or the customers belonging to the Perth city consider Rooftop Movies as one of their refreshment destinations and was voted by Wallpaper Magazine as the third coolest leisure experience in the world (City of Melbourne 2012). There are many companies that enthusiastically sponsor Rooftop Movies which include Heinz Co., Mini, Bulmers and Volley among others. The cinema industry has attained a significant reputation and success by generating more employment opportunitie s along with attracting foreign finance for the production of the film industry. The Australian government has documented the inherent social value of the cinema industry which facilitates to promote a sense of identity, appreciation of cultural diversity and social cohesion. Furthermore, the cinema industry of Australia has increasingly delivered economic related benefits by generating a large sum of revenue and has ultimately become a powerful marketer of the nation (Australian Government 2006). It has been recognized that the Australian film industry has been reinvented as well as transformed by advanced technological methods along with innovation. The most significant impact of advanced technology in the movie industry of Australia is the introduction of digital technology. This particular facet of digital-based technology has contributed greatly and posed noteworthy effect upon certain activities that include visual effects, sound mixing, compositing, film and sound editing amo ng others.

How We Could Use Alternative Dispute Resolution To Settle Civil Essay

How We Could Use Alternative Dispute Resolution To Settle Civil Justice Matters More Efficiently - Essay Example The Arbitration Act 1966 and 19965 provided full court application of one of the ADR procedures, following the lead of UNCITRAL's 1958 Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards paving the way to acceptance of arbitration in international trade dispute resolution. The methods were taken up by the public after they have been officially encouraged in Lord Woolf's 1996 "Access to Justice" report.6 The Police (Northern Ireland) Act 20007 is one of the more recent statutes applying ADR to administrative tribunal cases following PACE 1984, infra. The cost effectiveness of ADR has been fully demonstrated in commercial litigation. It has also placed or misplaced false hopes on the alternative methods application in civil cases. Civil case application of ADR encouraged the proliferation of profit and non-profit ADR providers and services with fully trained and accredited ADR practitioners, most of whom are also solicitors. The CPR required active management of cases by judges, including encouragement of litigating parties to use ADR. For the purpose of facilitating ADR use by litigants, CPR allows the court to stay its proceedings while the parties concerned try to settle the case. Pre-action protocols were also installed, requiring parties to let each other know the basis of their proposed claims and defences. The importance of ADR is emphasized in several judicial decisions. In Cowl vs. Plymouth9, the Court of Appeals imposed cost sanctions on a party for unreasonable failure to use ADR. Solicitors are also required to apprise clients of ADR, otherwise, they will be considered professionally negligent. Apart from judicial initiative, the executive also introduced ADR in government departments and administrative tribunals, particularly in clinical negligence claims, employment and legal services. Mr. Justice Lightman, a Justice of the High Court Chancery Division, presented ADR with high hopes as a necessary alternative to "extravagantly expensive and unpredictable exercise"10 of litigation. It must be recognized that ADR is "an ever evolving process."11 Newer methods are being introduced and legislation, including rules of court would tend to be left behind. Current consensus among law practioners tend to limit ADR use to arbitration and mediation. The failure of the use of inappropriate ADR method force the parties to incur needless expenses. On this note, the observations of Sir Anthony Evans triggers a painful spot when he pointed out that it is the agreement of the parties to come to a settlement that is responsible for the supposed success of ADR and not ADR processes themselves. In fact, he emphasized that "a settlement agreement is always to be preferred to any of the [ADR] processes which may result in a binding decision".12 He meant that solicitors and judges should look at the nature of the case before influencing the parties to undergo ADR procedures that could be inappropriate and ineffective. He also pointed out

Social networking www.instagram.com Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Social networking www.instagram.com - Assignment Example This means that Instagram has its terms and conditions and legal sanctions, as shall be seen in the discussion that ensues forthwith. 1) The Type of Conduct Specifically Prohibited Instagram prohibits the use of its services by any person below 13 years. Instagram does not also allow posting of violent, discriminatory, nude or party nude, hateful, pornographic, sexually suggestive or infringing photos or content, via its service. Instagram also prohibits the selling or transferring of accounts, account followers, account rights or account username. The only exception to this rule is assigned top businesspersons. In the same wavelength, Instagram prohibits an individual from opening an account for another party. Bonanos (2012) divulges that for security and ethical purposes, soliciting, collecting and using login credentials of other Instagram users is prohibited. Defaming, stalking, abusing, defaming, harassing, intimidating and impersonating other people or users of Instagram are pr ohibited acts. The posting of confidential information such as nonpublic phone numbers, and private e-mail addresses, social security, national identity card numbers and card information via Instagram is also prohibited. In another wavelength, Instagram also prohibits the changing, modifying and altering contents of other websites to give the false impression of association with Instagram is also proscribed. Alongside this is also the accession of Instagram’s private API by means outside Instagram’s permission. All users are also not allowed to submit or generate unwanted e-mails, comments or any other form of commercial which may harass communication to Instagram users. Instagram also prohibits the use of web URLs and domain names without receiving prior written permission from Instagram. The creation of accounts with Instagram services through unauthorized fashion (such as through the use of script, automated device, bot, scraper and crawler) is also not allowed. Any act that may interfere with Instagram’s services, Instagram servers and networks such as transmission by worms, spyware, malware, viruses or any other code of disruptive or destructive nature. In this light, no one is allowed to inject code or content or even alter the way an Instagram page is displayed in the user’s device or browser. No one is also allowed to attempt to, or restrict another Instagram user from enjoying or using Instagram services, or encourage the violation of Instagram’s terms and conditions of use. It is also important to note that any form of action which is in contravention to the terms and conditions of Instagram’s use that the client had agreed to abide by is a violation and is therefore prohibited. Additionally, all Instagram users are expected to comply with Instagram’s Community Guidelines. This above is seen in ABA Business Law Section’s statement which reads, â€Å"As a social networking Web site matures, its business and the ever-changing legal environment are likely to prompt revisions to the standard posted EULA terms.† This is found in ABA Business Law Section (2009). Again, this is reflected in Instagram’s website which reads, â€Å"By accessing or using the Instagram website, the Instagram service, or any applications (including mobile applications) made available by Instagram (together, the "Service"), however accessed, you agree to be bound by these terms of use

Three Pinned Portal Frame

Three Pinned Portal Frame This report found that plot 400 has many dead loads, live / imposed loads and wind loads in action on the buildings portal frame. The building has a simple 3 pinned portal frame / arch structure which have been designed to resist all loads that are applicable. The building also has structural actions and different modes of collapse which act upon the supporting columns, rafter beams and supporting main beams of the portal frame. The diagrams that have been produced illustrate how the different structural sections deform and how they would fail in the event of a mod of collapse, for example torsion, shear, fatigue or even compression. The building has also been sketched and CAD drawings provided along with photographs of both the inside and outside structure which can be seen in appendix 4 of the report. This report has also listed the clients functional and spatial requirements and the applicable governing legislation which controls the design and use of buildings in England and Wales. Contents Page. Page No. 1.0 Introduction 3 2.0 Brief 4 3.0 Structure Appraisal 3.1 Site Location 5 3.2 Building Function 6 3.3 Building Regulations 7 3.4 Building Drawings 8 3.5 Loadings 9 16 3.6 Structural Actions 17 24 3.7 Structural Stability 25 26 3.8 Deformation and Mode of Collapse 27 31 4.0 Conclusion 32 33 5.0 Bibliography 34 6.0 References 35 7.0 Appendix 7.1 Appendix 1 Site Location Plan 37 7.2 Appendix 2 Schedule of Drawings 38 7.3 Appendix 3 Schedule of Photographs 39 7.4 Appendix 4 Photographs 40 Introduction. Buildings today are built to accommodate many different processes and purposes within the built environment. When a building is at the feasibility stage, many key items must be considered to ensure that the building which is delivered to the client meets all the functional requirements and is built in accordance with all the relevant legislation which governs the construction industry and the built environment. Some of the key design parameters would be:- Spatial requirements Materials used Underlying use of building Method of Construction Finishes Location Size Maintenance Considerations Access and Use Planning restrictions This report will identify a building and investigate the design and comment on how the design meets the functional requirements for which it has been constructed. Additional details such as drawings, photographs and sketches will also be provided to support this report. Brief This report has been produced to appraise a given structure. The structure that has been chosen is Plot 400 at Ascot Drive, Derby in the East Midlands. The building will be identified and suitable location plans will be provided for the site. The buildings purpose will be explained in relation to its functional requirements and sketches and drawings will be provided to detail the building. These drawings will be provided by hand and also by auto computer aided design technology. Having described the building and its function, this report will then identify several different loads that the buildings portal frame must withstand with descriptions on how this portal frame is designed to resist such loads. Many different structural actions are in force within the buildings main portal frame and load bearing elements, mainly:- Tension Compression Shear Bending Shell action Plate action Joints Arches Suspension beams Truss rafters Having described these structural actions the report will then discuss how Plot 400 is designed and constructed to resist any overturning against dead loads, wind loads and fire conditions. Finally sketches will be produced to show how the main load bearing elements of Plot 400 could deform under the action of several different loads, should the structure not be designed correctly to resist these loads and different modes of collapse or other possible failures will be described. Conclusions will be made on the reports findings and the report will include appended drawings and a photograph schedule. 3.0 Structural Appraisal 3.1 Site Location The proposed building is located in Derby within the East Midlands. The full site address is:- Plot 400 Ascot Business Park Longbridge Lane Derby Derbyshire DE24 Site location plans can be seen in appendix 1 which shows Plot 400 in relation to plots, 100, 250, and 550 off Longbridge Lane. Appendix 1 also shows views from satellites and road location maps. < www.multimaps.com> Photographs of Plot 400 can be seen in appendix 4. 3.2 Building Function The building at Derby, Plot 400 has been commissioned by the client Pattonair Limited to store, distribute and package parts for the aviation industry. The building is to also allow space for ancillary processes such as ordering, accounts, HR, legal and every day processes such as welfare facilities. The 3 storey office accommodation which is located to the front elevations of the building will cater for the following processes:- Accounting (payments, orders etc.) Orders Management (staff, products) Human resources Legal responsibilities General communications and data transfer Information Technology Welfare facilities (eating, washing toilets etc.) Parking (staff and visitors) Meetings Protection of occupants from the elements (wind, rain, snow, cold and sun/heat). The warehouse is a single storey building with a 3 storey office block attached to the front elevation (North Elevation). The warehouse also includes a 3 storey mezzanine structure supported off the existing warehouse slab as shown in appendix 4 items 11, 22, 16, 24. The main functions of the warehouse space are:- Storage (mezzanine level) Production Packaging Manual handling and labelling Distribution Protection of goods from the elements (wind, rain, snow, cold and sun/heat) Protection for occupants and employees from the elements Accommodation of occupants for processes The building must therefore be designed to provide all these functions so that it will meet the clients functional requirements for them to run a business. 3.3 Building Regulations and Planning Permissions Now that the designers are aware of what functional requirements the building must provide, the design team must also ensure that the building meets with all the current legislation, these are mainly, for a building of this size and use:- The Town and Country Planning act 1990 The Building Act 1984 The Building Regulations 2000 The Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 The Construction (Design and Management) Regulation 2007 The Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order 2005 The Workplace (Health and Safety and Welfare) Regulations 1992 The Disability Discrimination Act 2005 These regulations apply to the building in both construction and occupation, the last 3 regulations only apply upon occupation of Plot 400. 3.4 Building Drawings Having taken photographs and inspected the building, sketches will now be produced of the building. 3.5 Loadings Buildings in England and Wales must be designed in accordance with Approved Document A of the Building Regulations 2000. This document sets out minimum standards for all types of buildings and specifies that buildings must:- be constructed so that the combined dead, imposed and wind loads are sustained and transmitted by it to the ground Safely : and Without causing such deflection or deformation of any part of the building, or such movement of the ground, as will impair the stability of any part of another building ODPM. (2004) Buildings generally are designed for primary and secondary loads. Primary loads are loads which act on a building in the first instance and can also be called principal loads, these loads are Dead loads Imposed loads Wind loads Dead loads Dead loads are loads which are applied to a structure and are generally permanent and stationary in action. The largest factor of dead loads is usually the self weight of the structural member itself for example:- Steel column Steel beam/rafter/perlin etc Pre cast floor plank/beam/stair Cladding (roof and walls) Windows Services (lights, sprinklers, HVAC) Imposed loads Imposed loads are also called live loads and these constitute loads which are movable and generally act on a structure when it is occupied. Examples of live loads are:- People Furniture Cars Computers Products (retail and storage) Animals Imposed loads can be further sub divided into imposed floor loads and imposed roof loads which are given in British Standard BS 6399 Part 1 : Code of practice for dead and imposed loads 1996. Wind loads Wind loads are as they sound, loads which are applied to a building in England and Wales due to negative and positive pressures both within and outside the building in question. Wind loads can sometimes course actions to a building which may not have been considered and this load is the largest loading failure on the majority of buildings in England and Wales. Wind loads of course vary depending on:- Geographical location Degree of exposure Building height and size/shape Time of exposure Wind direction Positive or negative pressures created SEWARD, D. (2003) Having discussed primary loads, it is also essential that secondary loads are also considered in the design of every building. Secondary loads are caused mainly by the following factors:- Temperature change within the element or surrounding elements such as walls, floors, plaster, blockwork, brickwork, finishes etc. Shrinkage of materials/members such as plaster, timber, concrete etc. Settlement of supports such as supporting columns, foundations, load bearing walls/floors and supporting beams. SEWARD, D. (2003) These loads are actions which effect the buildings supporting structure and the actions can be separated into 3 different categories. The dead loads in a building are classified as permanent actions. The imposed loadings for floors and roofs (snow loads) are classified as variable actions. The most recent action to now be included within the British Standard and approved document A of the building regulations is disproportionate collapse which is an accidental action. The recent regulation states that:- The building shall be constructed so that in the event of an accident the building will not suffer collapse to an extent disproportionate to the cause. ODPM. (2004) Within the guidance there are 3 main classes as shown in the table below:- (Table taken from Approved Document A of the Building Regulations 2004, ODPM.) Plot 400 at Derby is classified as a 2A Building as the warehouse is single storey and the offices do not exceed 4 storeys. The way in which Plot 400 has been designed to resist disproportionate collapse is via effective horizontal ties of all suspended floors to walls, mainly the first and second floor pre- cast planks to the supporting steel beams. This was achieved with welded shear studs concreted into the pre- cast units at the external perimeter. These loads are now known as accidental actions and have been introduced because of the incident that happened at the World Trade Centre, New York, America. This incident caused an outcome which was disproportionate to the accident/attack and now all buildings have to be designed to resist such failures. Ronan point may also come under this classification. Plot 400 has been designed to resist and withstand the following loads:- Dead loads from structural elements Dead loads from services Dead loads from finishes Dead loads from the external envelope Imposed loads from people (UDL) Imposed loads from products (UDL) Imposed loads from furniture (UDL) Imposed loads from computers (UDL) Imposed loads from conveyors within the warehouse (UDL) Wind loads to the Portal frame uplift Snow loads to the supporting roof structure Wind loads deflection Wind loading resistance to overturning Hydrostatic Pressure (p) against all pad foundation bases All these loads are applicable to the supporting structure of Plot 400. The supporting structure is made up of the following elements:- Pad Foundations which support columns Columns which support rafters Rafters which support the roof structure Secondary rafters which support roof and wall cladding These details can be seen in appendix 4 items 6, 9, 10, 17, 21, 25, 26, 28. These elements are all designed to resist the previously mentioned loadings. The way in which this is achieved is by applying the following specification. The whole building is designed to transmit all dead, imposed, snow and hydrostatic loads safely to the ground. Dead Loads The dead loads are carried by all supporting beams, foundations and columns into the ground. Each section is sized on the amount of dead, imposed and wind load (maximum) that could be applied to the section at any one time. The section of each supporting element is governed by the following factors:- Second movement of area (I) Elastic modulus (Z) Maximum bending capacity Maximum shear capacity Maximum compression capacity Maximum torsion capacity As each of these factors is increased, the size of section also increases Live Loads The Live loads generally affect the bending movement and deflection values of beams and floors/roofs etc. Live loads are again designed against by increasing the section of material to resist the applied load. Live loads can also be considered with the inclusion of bracing and gusset plates or stiffening plates etc. These plates are some times included to reduce the live load affecting the size of section, in particular if the live load of a beam was particularly high (for example in a gymnasium or dance hall etc) the beams of that floor could be designed to resist the live load in the following manner:- Larger section depth so that x x is increased making the beam stiffer. Smaller spacings of beams to create a stiffer floor. Decrease the amount of allowable deflection, thus increasing the size of the beams possibly. Stiffening plates to the beam sections to reduce the amount of I (second movement of area). Wind Loads All buildings must be designed to resist both vertical and horizontal loads. If a building is designed to resist only vertical loads the possible deformation of the structure could take place. This can be seen in appendix 2 diagram 11 which shows a portal frame building which has only been designed to resist vertical loads. This structure has not been considered for possible horizontal loads and the failure of the elements is shown (The horizontal load could be a wind loading). (Drawing adapted from SEWARD, D . (2003) Buildings must also be designed for uplift. This is applied to a building when a prevailing wind acts directly onto the side elevation of a building. This can be seen in appendix 2, diagram 9. This diagram shows how the wind load acts into the building causing positive pressures inside the building and causing uplift. The way in which buildings are designed to resist uplift is as follows:- The buildings overall mass may be increased to provide a sufficient dead load (weight to resist any vertical uplift forces.) The buildings foundations can be oversized so that the buildings mass again is increased and the uplift force resisted. The buildings shape and size can also be designed so that the wind load does not increase and uplift can not be applied, or is reduced to a minimum. Such items as low buildings or buildings with sharp narrow elevations can reduce the amount of uplift. SEWARD, D (2003). The building may also encounter a sway case wind load. This wind load is generally created when the wind blows onto the side elevation of a portal frame building and can be seen in appendix 2 drawing 10. This diagram shows how the wind causes external pressures to the portal frame. Internal pressures are irrelevant in this condition. The way that portal frames are designed to resist wind loads from such directions can be seen in appendix 2, diagram 7 and diagram 4 (wind bracing). These diagrams show bracing within grid lines 19 20 and 1 2 (diagram 4) and bracing in bays A B (diagram 7). Bracing will also be provided in bays 1 2 and 19 20 vertically so that the roof bracing transmits all wind loads to the outer walls for which in turn, transmit the load safely to the ground. When the wind blows perpendicular to the frame as in appendix 2, diagram 10, the stability is maintained by the rigid joints of the portal frame connections at both foundation/column and rafter/column locations. In buildings where the frame is not a portal frame the design is some what different. When buildings such as houses and apartment blocks or office blocks are built, which do not have a portal frames, shear walls are provided to maintain lateral support and resistance against wind loadings. There are 5 main designs which can be provided to resist wind loads mainly:- Shear walls parallel as in diagram 12, appendix 2. Shear walls at the ends of a building shown in diagram 13, appendix 2. Diagonal Bracing at the ends of a building as shown in diagram 14, appendix 2. Central Core structure as the main support in a tall building as shown in diagram 15, appendix 2 and finally Arched structures which have an inherent lateral strength and require little additional support. This can be seen in diagram 16, appendix 2. All these options would provide support to resist wind loadings. 3.6 Structural Actions Having described which loads are being applied to Plot 400, this report will now identify the different structural actions which may be taking place within the structural elements. The main structural frame of Plot 400 consists of:- Supporting pad foundations Supporting columns Supporting first and second floor beams to the office area Supporting rafters to the roof Supporting secondary rafters to the cladding (Z perlins) The main structural actions that may be acting on the structural elements are as follows:- Tension stress Compression stress Shear stress Bending/Flexure (axial and bending) stress Torsion Deflection Tension Tension in objects is caused when a material/element is stretched outside its normal parameters. For example the rafter beams supporting the roof of Plot 400, as shown in appendix 2, diagram 6 and diagram 17 shows how the top section of the supporting rafter is in tension and the underside of the beam is in compression. Tension is a reaction force applied by the action force, in this case the self weight of the beam and roof cladding, acting on the support rafter. Compression Compression acts mainly in a single direction and small compression members are usually known as struts, larger sections are known as columns or traditionally as stanchions. When a column is under compression it can variably fail in two areas, mainly under compressive strength/crushing and buckling. SEWARD, D . (2003) The elements within Plot 400 that are under compression are the supporting columns which support the rafters and supporting main beams of the first and second floors. These columns can be seen in appendix 4 items 6, 10, 16, 17, 23, 25. The supporting mezzanine legs of the mezzanine floor are also in compression as shown in appendix 4, item 2. Shear Shear stress is a force which acts parallel or tangential to the face of the connection, material or element. The shear stress factor of a material is the ability or strength of the material to resist itself sliding (molecular structure). If the material has a high shear stress factor its molecular structure will be strong, preventing the molecules from parting easily. The items which are in shear stress in Plot 400 will be the column/rafter connections and the column/beam connections. These connections will experience shear across the connecting bolts and fixing plates. Bending Bending, also known as flexure is the force which acts perpendicular to the axis of the element. For example on a simply supported beam, the bending moment acts perpendicular against the x x axis. This bending moment then causes compression and tension on the beam as in diagram 17, appendix 2. This bending moment also causes shear parallel to the lateral loading. Plastic bending can also occur in a material, this is when the stresses exceed the materials yield strength and all supporting elements in Plot 400 will have been designed so that the yield is not exceeded and therefore plastic bending should not occur. The bending stresses applicable to the steel frame in Plot 400 can be seen in appendix 2, diagram 18. This diagram shows the maximum bending moments applicable to the frame of Plot 400 which has been designed as a Ridgid Portal Frame. This diagram also shows the point of contra flexure, the point at which there is no bending in the beams/rafters and columns. CHUDLEY, R, GREENO, R (2004). Torsion Torsion is the torsional moment or torque, which like a bending moment has the units of force X distance (KNM). There are two types of torsion, compatibility torsion and equilibrium torsion. Compatibility torsion is caused when a steel column or member has to twist to accommodate the deflection of another member. This happens when say 2 supporting beams have to deflect (twist) to accommodate the deflection of the centrally supported beam. Equilibrium torsion is when a load is off centre to the central axis of the supporting member, the connections of this support must be of sufficient strength otherwise the element will fail. The best way to eliminate torsion is to ensure that the supporting beam/element is placed directly under the supported load, for example placing an I beam so that the Y Y axis is central to the load. SEWARD, D . (2003) The elements within Plot 400 are not under direct torsion. The way that all supporting beams/rafters have been designed is with the I beam placed centrally under the supported loads. Deflection Deflection is the amount of movement or deflection that a structural member experiences when put under load. The amount of allowable deflection is set out in the building regulations and is set to stop alarm and panic of building users. Other reasons are to stop any damage being caused to finishes such as plaster and wall coverings etc. Deflection is also limited to stop movement and possible cracks being caused which may cause water penetrations and structure damage, for example a roof deflecting more than the allowable limit may mean that tiles become separated and allow water to penetrate into the roof space. The elements of Plot 400 will all be under deflection. The rafters supporting the roof, the beams supporting the upper floors and the columns supporting the rafters will all be subjected to deflection. The reason they do not fail, or should not fall is due to the fact that the allowable deflection will have been calculated and each section will deflect, but will not deflect outside its design limit. Shell Roofs A shell roof can be defined as a structural curved skin/material over a given plan shape. The main design of a shell roof system is:- The roof is primarily a structural skin/element which acts as a single element The basic strength of the roof is determined by the shape The amount of material used to cover a shell roof is generally less than a standard roof design. CHUDLEY, R. GREENO, R. (2004) Shell roofs can be constructed from concrete, steel and timber. The shell action of the roof gives the roof its strength and the building at Derby does not have any shell actions or a shell roof. Joints Plot 400, Ascot Drive, Derby has many joints within the structure. These joints connect columns to pad bases, columns to rafters, rafters to rafters and beams to columns. The main connections within the structure at Plot 400 are:- Welded Connections Bolted Connections (both standard and HSFG) Welded Connections Welded connections are generally created using electric are welding. The main two welds are a butt weld and a fillet weld. The connections in Plot 400 which are welded are all plates to each end of the rafters and main beams. Bolted Connections Bolted connections are provided to support a given load. There are 2 main types of bolted connections:- ordinary bolted connection This connection depends on the strength on contact between the bolt shank and the sides of the hole in the plates. This is commonly known as a dowel-pin action. HSFG High Strength Friction Grip bolted connections rely on tension between the two surfaces being bolted. This connection provides a very high strength ridged connection and is ideal for fixing elements which are subjected to a load reversal such as wind bracing. SEWARD, D. (2003) STROUD FOSTER, J, HARINGTON, R. (2000) This report will now identify the structural elements of Plot 400 which work as a:- Suspension beam Truss Arched structure The following structural elements in Plot 400 are acting as a suspension beam:- Supporting universal beams which are providing support to the pre-cast floor units at First and second floor levels. These can be seen in appendix 2, diagram 5. The following structural elements in Plot 400 are acting as a truss:- ii) The truss rafter beams which are supporting the roof element. These can be seen in appendix 2, diagram 6. The building at Derby does not contain any plate structures or shell structures. However, these items will be described on how they act. Arched Structures Arched structures are a natural shape which inherently has a good level of strength and support. The arch was utilised some 2000 years ago by the Roman Empire as large open spans could be achieved. The support reaction of an arch has a vertical as well as a horizontal component. An arch depends entirely on the ability of its supports to resist the horizontal components without excessive movement. The most common cause of arch failures is due to foundation failure. SEWARD, D. (2003). Examples of arched structures are:- the old Roman aqueducts the Gothic Arch buildings Bridges Portal frame buildings (Plot 400) The common portal frame building today consists mainly of a 3 or 2 pin structure. The building at Derby consists of a 3 pin structure, the central rafters are pinned and both columns are pinned at foundation base level. This type of arch is statically determinate and fairly simple to analyse. Examples for the bending moments applicable to Plot 400 can be seen in appendix 2, diagram 18. The portal frame/arched structure has 3 maximum load cases that must be applied mainly:- maximum vertical load maximum sway maximum uplift (overturning) Once all these cases have been designed into the portal frame, the structure will be sufficient to accommodate all wind, dead, live/imposed and overturning loads. The building at Derby does not contain any shell structure this has already been considered in the previous section. The last remaining item is a plate structure. This is a structure which acts together as a single element in a horizontal plane. The building at Derby does not contain any plat structures; the closest item within the building which may constitute a plate structure is the composite, hollow rib deck floor system. This is a system which comprises of a concrete, in-situ floor which is reinforced to give lateral strength, this composite deck is then connected to the supporting main beams and in some cases positively connected to resist any disproportionate collapse risk. Structural Stability The building at Derby has been designed as a simple portal frame structure which has to provide many functions as detailed in section 3.2 of this report. This section will now discuss how the building has been designed to resist any overturning. The building at derby, Plot 400 has 2 cases of overturning. The fist case of overturning is due to wind loads, these wind loads cause large negative and positive pressures within and outside the building envelope causing an uplift force as on a wing of an aeroplane. The second area of overturning that must be designed into the building is into the Foundation bases which

British-Chinese Relations in the Nineteenth Century and Alicia Bewicke

British-Chinese Relations in the Nineteenth Century and Alicia Bewicke Little's Novel, A Marriage in China The year was 1842, and Britain had just finished a successful military campaign in China, a campaign that also signified a rather humiliating defeat for the Chinese army. The first Opium War reestablished Britain's profitable opium trade routes from India to China, and also established a new mode of British-Chinese relations, one that resulted in British control of the new colony of Hong Kong and semicolonial control over various treaty ports. The progressive optimism that this combined political and economic control seemed to herald for the British Empire was reflected in a piece in the newly established Illustrated London News: A large family of the human race, which for centuries has been isolated from the rest, is now about to enter with them into mutual intercourse. Vast hordes of populations, breaking through the ignorance and superstition which has for ages enveloped them, will now come out into the open day, and enjoy the freedom of a more expanded civilization, and enter upon prospects immeasurably grander. (Illustrated London News, qtd. in Thurin 1) Voiced at mid-century, this statement paradoxically depicts the Chinese as both "enveloped" by backwardness, yet capable of reform and progress; as ignorant, superstitious, and characterized as pest-like "vast hordes of populations," yet also seen as equal partners with the British in a "mutual intercourse." This varied and contradictory opinion could just have easily been voiced at the end of the nineteenth century. In a way, this statement can be seen as representative of the history or, more accurately, the story of the relationship between ... ...sm. Thus even areas of resistance are encoded within the text of compliance (Rule Britannia: Women, Empire, and Victorian Writing, Ithaca: Cornell UP, 1995). Works Cited British Library Public Catalogue. 12 Oct 1999 . Campbell, Mrs. J. Weston. (Signed C. de Thierry.) "The Sons of Han [Chinese Emigration]." Macmillan's Magazine. 80 (May 1899): 58-66. Croll, Elisabeth J. Wise Daughters from Foreign Lands: European Women Writers in China. London: Pandora, 1989. Little, Alicia Bewicke. A Marriage in China. London: F. V. White & Co., 1896. Round about My Peking Garden. London: T. Fisher Unwin, 1905. "Mrs. A. Little." Obituary. The London Times. 6 Aug. 1926: 17e. Research Library Group (RLG) Union Catalog (RLIN). 12 Oct 1999 . Thurin, Susan Schoenbauer. Victorian Travelers and the Opening of China, 1842-1907. Athens, OH: Ohio UP, 1999.

Assignment: Fee Setting Essay

The government benefits seminar for children and families was a major success, so Advocates for Children will carry out a similar seminar in a nearby town. The executive director has decided that this second seminar should make the highest possible amount of money. For this reason, they will not offer a reduced fee schedule, and all attendees must pay the entire fee. This seminar will happen in a smaller room than the first one did, which can only leave space for 45 trainees, at most. Here is the seminar’s proposed budget: Proposed Seminar Budget 1. Conference room rental $175.00 $ 175.00 2. Audiovisual equipment Rental $75.00 3. 4 presenters @ $500 $2,000.00 4. 45 workbooks @ $15 $675.00 5. 45 lunches @ $12 $540.00 6. 45 coffees @ $3.50 $158.00 Subtotal $3,623.50 7. Indirect costs @ 25% of $3,622.50 $ 906.00 Subtotal $4,529.00 8. Profit margin @ 5% of $4,528.13 $ 227.00 Subtotal $4,756.00 You are the executive director. Following the checklist in Figure 11.1, perform all the computations necessary to set a fee. What will your fee be? What is your break-even point? What is your go/no-go decision point? Fixed Costs 1. Conference room rental $175.00 $ 175.00 2. Audiovisual equipment Rental 75.00 3. 4 presenters @ $500 2,000.00 4. Indirect costs @ 25% of $3,675.00 $ 906.00 5. Profit margin @ 5% of $4,594.00 $ 227.00 Total Fixed Costs $3,383.00 Variable Costs 6. 45 workbooks @ $15 $15.00 7. 45 lunches @ $12 12.00 8. 45 coffees @ $3.50 3.50 Total Variable Costs $30.50 Breakeven point I would put my breakeven and go/no go point at 30 attendees. I have set it lower to make up for margin or error, and when more than 30 people attend the profits will also increase. This is the revenue maximization strategy that I will use. XP= A+BX 30P= 3,383 + 30.50(30) 30P= 3,383 + 915 30P= 4,298 P= 143 *Fee will still be set within the standard bracket. Exercise 11.2 As the executive director of Advocates for Children, you have had a change of heart. You decide not to attempt to maximize revenues in this second seminar. You decide to exclude a profit margin in the fee computation, but you will include indirect costs. Additionally, the local United Way in the community hosting the seminar has guaranteed 45 participants. If fewer than 45 participants register for the seminar, the United Way will make up the difference. In exchange for this guarantee, the United Way has asked you to set the seminar fee as low as possible. Following the checklist in Figure 11.1, perform all the computations necessary to set a fee. What will your fee be? Fixed Costs 1. Conference room rental $175.00 $ 175.00 2. Audiovisual equipment Rental 75.00 3. 4 presenters @ $500 2,000.00 4. Indirect costs @ 25% of $3,675.00 $ 906.00 Total Fixed Costs $3,156.00 Variable Costs 5. 45 workbooks @ $15 $15.00 6. 45 lunches @ $12 12.00 7. 45 coffees @ $3.50 3.50 Total Variable Costs $30.50 45 participants 45P = 3156 + 30.50(45) 45P = 3,156 + 1373 (rounded-up) 45P = 4549 (rounded-up) (Divide both sides by 45) P = $101.00 (rounded-up) For 45 participants,the fee is $101.00 (100.63 if not rounded-up). * I chose to use the number 45 because the United Way has guaranteed that they will make up the difference if less than 45 people attend. Reference Martin, L. (2001). Financial management for human service administrators. Boston, MA: Allyn and Bacon.

Quests and Questions

Quests and Questions Quests and Questions Quests and Questions By Mark Nichol Many words with the letters que or qui stem from the Latin verb quaerere, which means â€Å"ask† or â€Å"seek,† and therefore pertain to questions and quests. This post lists and discusses such words. Quest was originally synonymous with inquest (literally, â€Å"search in†), which refers to a legal investigation, but the former word came to apply generally to any search or mission. Now, quest is often associated with chivalric adventures or related journeys in fantasy literature. (Bequest, referring to an act of providing for someone in a will, is the noun form of bequeath and is unrelated.) Question originally referred to a problem of philosophy or theology but later, by association, pertained to anything intended to prompt an answer or a discussion and came to serve as a verb as well. An act of interrogation is a questioning, someone who questions is a questioner, and an act of a dubious nature (which would prompt observers to question the actor’s morals or motives) is questionable. Query is synonymous with question as both a noun and a verb. Querent, likewise, is a synonym for questioner but usually in the context of someone who seeks astrological insight; it is rare. To inquire is to ask, and an act of asking is an inquiry; the latter word is also synonymous with inquest. (The variations enquire and enquiry are associated with British English but are sometimes used by writers in the United States.) Inquisition has the stronger sense of an interrogation; the adjectival form inquisitive implies mere curiosity, but it usually has the connotation of excessive interest. An investigation may also be referred to as a disquisition, although this term may alternatively refer to a long speech. Request also means â€Å"ask† as well as â€Å"something asked,† and originally was synonymous with the related verb require, but the latter term came to refer to asking something with the expectation that it must be answered; this imperative sense is matched in the noun form requirement. Something requisite is required in the sense of â€Å"necessary,† and a requisition is an instance of asking for something considered essential. The noun and adjective prerequisite, which literally means â€Å"required beforehand,† is not to be confused with perquisite (â€Å"thing sought†), which is often abbreviated to perk in the sense of â€Å"benefits of employment or membership.† Terms that may not appear to be related but are include the verb acquire (â€Å"earn† or â€Å"gain,† from the sense â€Å"seek to obtain†) and its adjectival forms acquired and acquisitive and noun form acquisition, the verb conquer (â€Å"search for†) and its noun form conquest (and the English and Spanish actor nouns conqueror and conquistador), and the adjective exquisite (literally, â€Å"carefully sought†). Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:When to Use â€Å"That,† â€Å"Which,† and â€Å"Who†Excited ABOUT, not "for" Parataxis and Hypotaxis

Essay on Meaningful Use for Nurses Implications and Recommendations

Essay on Meaningful Use for Nurses Implications and Recommendations Essay on Meaningful Use for Nurses: Implications and Recommendations Essay on Meaningful Use for Nurses: Implications and RecommendationsThe current paper focuses on the problem of meaningful use for nurses and recommendations concerning this issue in the contemporary clinical setting. At first, the paper provides the overview of meaningful use for nurses and gives insights to the essence of this concept. The next part of the paper uncovers the detailed analysis of the meaningful use for nurses and its application in the contemporary clinical setting. In fact, the paper reveals possible challenges and difficulties associated with the application of meaningful use for nurses in the health care environment. Finally, recommendations concerning the current application of the meaningful use for nurses are provided and the paper is summed up with the conclusion. The findings of the paper reveal the gap between new technologies and their potential and nurses’ understanding of their use grows wider that deteriorates the quality of nursing care and decr eases the effectiveness of the application of new technologies in nursing care. Therefore, meaningful use is one of the main challenges for nurses today but the successful implementation of new technologies and innovations can improve consistently the quality of nursing care and increase the effectiveness of nurses’ performance.Overview of meaningful use for nursesMeaningful Use is an umbrella term for rules and regulations that, among other things, involve electronic record keeping and e-documentation of care that hospitals and physicians must meet to qualify for federal incentive funding under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA). At the same time, meaningful use has broader implications since nurses deal with diverse technologies, which they have to be able to apply successfully and consciously.In fact, meaningful use was designed to occur in three stages:Stage 1 began in 2011 and involved adoption of computerized physician order entry (CPOE) (France, et al., 2009).Stage 2, which impacts nursing, brings greater emphasis, among other things, on disease management, clinical decision support, transition of care, documentation of care plans and patient access to health information. In the original proposal for stage 2, healthcare providers must record care plan fields, including goals and discharge instructions within 36 hours of being released from the hospital, for more than 10 percent of patients. Although stage 2 begins in 2012 only, final regulations have not been publicized. The federal government solicited public comment on proposed stage 2 regulations until May 7 and are reviewing those comments. Final regulations will be published in August or September, according to Murphy (Singer, et al., 2009).Little has been explained about stage 3, which begins in 2015, and is expected to continue building on the goals of stage 1 and 2 (Hartmann, et al., 2009).In such a way, the implementation of meaningful use is occurring now and this issue remains under-regulated, to a certain extent, while new regulations will be introduced along with the introduction of new technologies and respective legal norms and rules.The wide introduction of new technologies in the field of health care and nursing care raises the problem of their effective use of nurses because often nurses are unprepared to use new technologies (Singer, et al., 2009). The complexity of new technologies and the lack of understanding of their application to nursing care raises the problem of widening gap between nurses’ attitude to new technologies as unimportant and routine and the real potential of new technologies.Analysis of meaningful use for nursesThe use of information technologies, e-documentation and other technological advances can apparently facilitate the performance of nurses and increase their effectiveness. New technologies have a considerable potential and can enhance consistently the performance of nurses and improve the quality o f nursing care. However, today, the problem is that nurses cannot always use the full potential of new technologies, especially information ones and have difficulties with the adoption of new technologies.On the other hand, the introduction of technological innovations and their meaningful use by nurses raises the problem of their effective application by nurses and some other issues. First, the meaningful use means that new technologies are used effectively and consciously (Speroff, et al., 2010). In this respect, it is worth mentioning the fact that one of the main issues nurses confront today is the lack of the adequate understanding of how to use new technologies and what new technologies serve to that helps nurses to use their full potential.The unpreparedness of nurses to use new technologies raises another problem, the problem of the meaningful use proper. What is meant here is the fact that nurses face difficulties with adequate understanding what they need new technologies for and how to apply them successfully. For example, nurses often believe that their conventional paper work makes no difference compared to electronic medical records and they use new technologies rather because they are obliged to than because they are aware of the higher effectiveness of new technologies.Furthermore, the meaningful use raises ethical and legal issues, such as the threat to the privacy right of patients, because e-documents and electronic use of information as well as other technologies implemented in the field of health care services expose the private information of patients to the risk of revelation to third parties, in case of the unauthorized access and misuse of new technologies or available information by nurses.One of the main challenges for the meaningful use is, therefore, the technological, legal and ethical/cultural unpreparedness of nurses for the meaningful use. From the ethical point of view, nurses cannot always use new information technologies bec ause of their lack of understanding how to apply them properly. Moreover, they may be unaware of possible risks associated with the misuse of new technologies because they do not understand how technologies actually work. As a result, they may uncover the private information of patients to third parties, for example.In addition, current legal regulations are not always sufficient to regulate the meaningful use of new technologies. As a result, nurses face the problem of technological advancements, on the one hand, and the lack of legal regulations, on the other. Hence, they often confront serious ethical issues and questionable situations, which require clear legal regulations but there are no such regulations so far and they have to take decisions on the ground of their professional ethics and their vision of existing legal norms and particular situation or case.Meaningful use recommendationsThe training of nurses is an essential step to the enhancement of the meaningful use. The t raining should focus on three major areas, technological, legal and cultural/ethical. The training is essential for the professional development of nurses and their adequate understanding of meaningful use. In fact, the training helps nurses to understand new technologies better and they can also learn how to realize the full potential of new technologies. As a result, nurses will grow aware of the importance of meaningful use and, more important, they will be able to use new technologies adequately and meaningfully.Technologically, nurses should be able not only to use new technologies but also be able to learn how to use technological innovations successfully. In this regard, training will help nurses to learn new technologies and understand them better. More important, they will be able to learn how to use new technologies autonomously, if they develop basic skills required for the adoption of new technologies. At the same time, new technologies should be user friendly to facilit ate the learning their use by nurses.Nurses should know and understand succinctly new legal norms and regulations concerning the meaningful use. Legal norms evolve and change respectively to changes in the health care setting and under the impact of new technologies that are introduced in the field of health care services. Training can help nurses to learn recent legal changes and respect them in their regular work.Moreover, the law enforcement and development of clear and extensive legal norms regulating meaningful use is an essential step toward the overall success of meaningful use in the nursing environment. Nurses should have the extensive and clear legal basis, on the ground of which they can perform their professional duties and apply basic meaningful use principles. The introduction of legal changes and new norms is essential the adaptation of existing legal norms to actual technological environment.Cultural and ethical training is also essential because nurses work in the m ulticultural environment and they have to respect patients’ cultural norms along with ethical norms associated with the meaningful use, such as the respect to the patients’ confidentiality, for example. Nurses need to expand their cultural views and norms to adapt to the work in the multicultural environment (Speroff, et al., 2010). The enhancement of the communication between nurses and managers of health care organizations can help to communicate key principles of the meaningful use and help nurses to adopt new technologies and principles of work successfully. Finally, meaningful use should motivate nurses to apply it in their regular practices. In this regard, new technologies introduced in the field of health and nursing care should facilitate the work of nurses. For example, they should be user friendly to facilitate their use by nurses but more important they should manifest their advantages and key goals clearly to make their use by nurses meaningful.ConclusionT hus, the development of new technologies raises the problem of their meaningful use by nurses, especially in regard to information technologies. In actuality, the development of meaningful use is a long-lasting program that has a solid legal background, which helps nurses to implement new technologies successfully. However, nurses still need training to be able to use new technologies meaningfully. In this regard, it is possible to distinguish three main fields, where extra training of nurses is needed, including legal, technological and cultural/ethical training.

Comparative Narratives of Childhood Research Paper

Comparative Narratives of Childhood - Research Paper Example In India, a ban was placed on children below the age of 14 from working; however, this ban has not been strictly imposed. Sonali, a 12-year-old girl from the eastern state of West Bengali is one of these children (Pandey). She worked for two years as a domestic servant in Calcutta and her job was mostly to cook for a five-member household and to clean a three-story house. She also had to endure severe punishments from her employer; one time when she was delayed in serving dinner, burning hot food was poured on her hands. With the help of a neighbor, she managed to escape and was later restored to her family (Pandey). More than a million minor children work at homes or food stalls and the Save the Children organization which works at West Bengal, Orissa, Andhra Pradesh, and Maharastra have been monitoring the employment of children and the abuses visited upon them. One of the dangers for these children working is the sexual and physical abuse which is often inflicted upon them. Howeve r, even as the government and other private organizations are seeking to impose the provisions of the ban on minority children working, thousands of children are still working in hazardous industries, including firecracker and matchstick factories, carpet weaving, embroidery, or stitching footballs (Pandey). Most of these children are forced to live these lives of labor because of severe poverty conditions. The Republic of India is an independent country in South Asia which is considered to be a second most populous country in the world and also the world’s largest democracy. Since the 1990s, it has consistently risen as one of the fastest growing economies in the world with a large and skilled workforce; however, it is also plagued with widespread poverty. The country is currently in dispute with Pakistan over the Kashmir region; it has nuclear weapons capability; and enjoys a prolific movie industry with its Bollywood movies (BBC News). It is a federal republic and the head of state is President Pratibha Patil and the head of government is Prime Minister Manmohan Singh. Political parties of this country include the Indian National Congress (INC), Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), Communist Party of India-Marxist, and other smaller national parties (Department of State). Its capital is New Delhi and its largest and most populous city is Mumbai; and based on 2010 surveys, it has a population of 1.2 billion people covering 3.1 million sq.km of land which varies from the Himalayas to flat river valleys and deserts in its west (Department of State). Its languages include Hindi, English, and about 16 official languages. Major religions in the country include Hinduism, Islam, Christianity, Sikhism, Buddhism, and Jainism (BBC News). Its monetary unit is the Indian Rupee and in 2009, its GDP estimates totaled $1.095 trillion with a per capita GDP of $3,100. Its natural resources include coal, iron ore, manganese, mica, bauxite, chromite, thorium, limestone, barite , diamonds, and crude oil (Department of State). Its agricultural products make up about 17% of its GDP with its products mainly being wheat, rice, coarse grains, oilseeds, sugar, cotton, and tea. Its industry is about 28.2% of its GDP with products like textiles, jute, processed food, steel, cement, aluminum, petroleum, chemicals, and computer software (Department of State). Its services and transportation make up about 54% of its GDP.

Matlab Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Matlab - Assignment Example The results indicated to show that system (a) had a significantly larger absolute steady state error as compared to the system (b). It is equally clear that system (B) displayed a greater accuracy with less absolute steady state error as compared to that of the system (a). This leads to a conclusion that the positive error value of system (b) established the system output’s stability. Prior to the introduction and calculation of the error formulas, it is possible to determine the system’s performance by the use of its constant (K) value. A perfect system with no steady state error, ideally, Kp would be equal to zero, Kv would be equal to one and Ka would be equal to one. It is however extremely challenging to attain this kind of a system. If Kv or Ka would be equal to zero, then the steady state error would be infinite as illustrated in the results in the table. If Kpos would be equal to negative one, then the steady state error would become infinite. The results from the table show that the Kpos is very close to negative one. This is basically the reason as to why it has a large value of the steady state error. The sign recorded by the steady state error gives an indication of whether the output is greater than the input or vice versa. For instance, the table shows that system (a) displays a negative error value making the output of the system to be greater than the input. This designates some degree of amplification. On the other hand, the system (b) displays a positive error making the output smaller than the input.